Method of preparing a cementitious composition



106. comrosmoas, COATING R PLASTIC,

in atentecl W" i UNITED STATES 1,470,674 PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH HAY AMIES, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

METHOD OF PREPARING A. CEMENTITIOUS COMPOSITION.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH HAY AMlE-S,

a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Philadelphia,county of Phila- 5 delphia, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented acertain new and useful Method of Preparing a Cementitious Composition,of which the following is a specification.

The leading object of the present inven tion may be said to reside inthe providing of a cementitious composition which readily sets andhardens so that the various utilities to which it is applied,commercially speaking, may be used simultaneously with'constructionthereof. With this and other objects in view, the invention consists ofthe method hereinafter described and finally claimed.

In the practice of the invention, the cementitious composition isusually prepared in a standard concrete mixing machine, althoughobviously the composition may be otherwise mixed. For the sake ofillustration the following description will be re I5 stricted to thepreparation of the composition in a mixing machine.

According to the present method I first take sodium carbonate anddissolve it in water an p ace e same within the mixing machine. ,To thisI add either earth material that is water moistened or earthy materm ina granulated condition. Finally I add sodium silicate in a conditionreadily soluble 1n wa r. ood results have been 5 obtained by employingfour parts more or less of soil one part more or less of sodiumApplication filed March 30, 1921. Serial No. 457,099.

sodium carbonate, thereby. permitting the sodium silicate to much morerapidly mix with and harden the earthy materials, after being expelledfrom the mixer. This intimate mix and rapid hardening permits thefinished composition to accept immediate compression. Such intimate mixand rapid hardening precedes the crystallization of the sodium silicate.If it be desired, further, to prepare the composition to provide greatresistance after the application of powerful compression, I take one ormore parts of gravel, pebbles or the like, mix them with one or moreparts of the sodium silicate and dampen this mixture with water to forma stiff mortar. This stifi' mortar, is then added to the mass abovedescribed, within the the mixer. The finished composition, as it thencomes from the mixer, should be in a semi-dry condition and in a stateto receive immediate compression. In forming various articles it isessential that the resultant mass should be placed in this semi-dryconditio prior to the application of compres sionfl If this semi-drycondition is not cured, the surfaces of the artcles, being formed,present very hard, lassy and highly} crystallized encasements. uchencasements permanently and hermetically seal the in-i ternal moisturewithin the articles being, formed, thus causing permanent internalweakness. To obviate this, the resultant mass may be subjected to anypreferred? method of d r ing prior to the application oil heavy comress'ion, which, may then be im-\ mediately applied" thereto, thussecuring a,

silicate and one fifth part more or less of uniform crystallization, ofsaid articles,

so lum carbonate.

0 par icu ar ind of earthy material is 0 necessary and soil as found atthe place where the cementitious composition is employed may beutilized. Ashes and cindersmixed or unmixed with loams or clays, clean 5venient quantities may be utilized. The earthy material may consist of019. s and loams associated with granular 555% insoluble in water, suchas fine sand coarse avel ebbles and cobbles or it may be 50 eart y maerla s free of such granular matter. In any event the earthy materialsmay contain more or less, of acids.

I have found that the alkaline solution formed by the sodium carbonateand water 55 serves to neutralize said acids. I have also sodiumcarbonate in water and placing the same in the mixer prior to theaddition of the earthy material and sodium silicate, that l Betterresults may be obtained, than by mixor unclean, where found in lar e orconiing the sodium carbonate with the sodium lsilicate, beforeassociating them with the earthy material. However, the sodium carfoundthat the sodium silicate absorbs the tious composition which consists intaking Examir jg i crystallization ma common earth in comminuted formand mixing same in a solution composed of sodium carbonate and water andthen mixing therewith sodium silicate.

2. The method of preparing a cementitious composition which consists indissolving sodium carbonate in water to form a solution, then mixingtherein common earth in comminuted condition and then mixing therewithsodium silicate readily soluble in water.

3. The method of preparing a cementitious composition which consists intakin substantially four parts of comminuted common earth and mixing thesame in a solution composed of water and substantially one-fifth part ofsodium carbonate and then mixing therewith substantially one part ofsodium silicate.

4. The method of preparing a cementitious composition which consists intaking comminuted common earth, mixing the same in a solution composedof sodium carbonate and water, mixing therewith sodium silicate, andthen drying the resultant mass to a degree that will enable it. toaccept immediate and' heavy compression whereby uniform be secured forarticles to be formed of said mass interiorly and exteriorly considered.

5. The method of forming a cementitious article which consists in takingcomminuted common earth, mixing the same in a solution composed ofsodium carbonate and water, mixing therewith sodium silicate, drying theresultant mass and immediately subjectin the dryed mass to compressionwhere y uniform crystallization is secured for said article interiorlyand exteriorly considered. v

6. The method of preparing a cementitious composition which consists intaking common earth which is water moistened and mixing same in asolution composed of sodium carbonate and water nd then mixing therewithsodium silicate.

7. The method of preparing a cementitious com osition which consists indissolving so ium carbonate in Water to form a solution, then mixintherein common earth in a water moistene state and then mixing therewithsodium silicate readily soluble in water.

'8. The method of preparing a cementitious com osition which consists intaking substantia 1y four parts of common earth which is water molstenedand mixing the same in a solution composed of water and substantiallyone-fifth part of sodium carbonate and then mixing therewithsubstantially one part of sodium silicate.

9. The method of preparing a cementitious composition which consists intaking common earth which is water moistened mixing the same in asolution composed, of

sodium carbonate and water, mixing therewith sodium silicate and thendrying the resultant mass to a degree that will enable it to acceptimmediate and heavy compression whereby uniform crystallization may besecured for articles to be formed by said mass interiorly and exteriorlyconsidered.

10. The method of forming a cementitious article which consists intaking common earth which is water moistened, mixing the same in asolution composed of sodium carbonate and water, mixing therewith sodiumsilicate drying the resultant mass and immediately subjecting the dryedmass to compression whereb uniform c stallization is secured for saidarticle interiorly and exteriorly considered.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name.

JOSEPH HAY AMIES.

